Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - that
That
that
pron., adj., adv., & conj. --demons.pron. (pl. those) 1 the person or thing indicated, named, or understood, esp. when observed by the speaker or when familiar to the person addressed (I heard that; who is that in the garden?; I knew all that before; that is not fair). 2 (contrasted with this) the further or less immediate or obvious etc. of two (this bag is much heavier than that). 3 the action, behaviour, or circumstances just observed or mentioned (don't do that again). 4 Brit. (on the telephone etc.) the person spoken to (who is that?). 5 colloq. referring to a strong feeling just mentioned ('Are you glad?' 'I am that'). 6 (esp. in relative constructions) the one, the person, etc., described or specified in some way (those who have cars can take the luggage; those unfit for use; a table like that described above). 7 (pl. that) used instead of which or whom to introduce a defining clause, esp. one essential to identification (the book that you sent me; there is nothing here that matters). Usage As a relative that usually specifies, whereas who or which need not: compare the book that you sent me is lost with the book, which I gave you, is lost. --demons.adj. (pl. those) 1 designating the person or thing indicated, named, understood, etc. (cf. sense 1 of pron.) (look at that dog; what was that noise?; things were easier in those days). 2 contrasted with this (cf. sense 2 of pron.) (this bag is heavier than that one). 3 expressing strong feeling (shall not easily forget that day). --adv. 1 to such a degree; so (have done that much; will go that far). 2 Brit. colloq. very (not that good). 3 at which, on which, etc. (at the speed that he was going he could not stop; the day that I first met her). Usage Often omitted in this sense: the day I first met her. --conj. introducing a subordinate clause indicating: 1 a statement or hypothesis (they say that he is better; there is no doubt that he meant it; the result was that the handle fell off). 2 a purpose (we live that we may eat). 3 a result (am so sleepy that I cannot keep my eyes open). 4 a reason or clause (it is rather that he lacks the time). 5 a wish (Oh, that summer were here!). Usage Often omitted in senses 1, 3: they say he is better. Phrases and idioms all that very (not all that good). and all that (or and that colloq.) and all or various things associated with or similar to what has been mentioned; and so forth. like that 1 of that kind (is fond of books like that). 2 in that manner, as you are doing, as he has been doing, etc. (wish they would not talk like that). 3 colloq. without effort (did the job like that). 4 of that character (he would not accept any payment -- he is like that). that is (or that is to say) a formula introducing or following an explanation of a preceding word or words. that's colloq. you are (by virtue of present or future obedience etc.) (that's a good boy). that's more like it an acknowledgement of improvement. that's right an expression of approval or colloq. assent. that's that a formula concluding a narrative or discussion or indicating completion of a task. that there sl. = sense 1 of adj. that will do no more is needed or desirable. Etymology: OE th{aelig}t, nom. & acc. sing. neut. of demons. pron. & adj. se, seo, th{aelig}t f. Gmc; those f. OE thas pl. of thes THIS
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1.
I. pronoun (plural those) Etymology: Middle English, from Old English thæt, neuter demonstrative pronoun & definite article; akin to Old High German daz, neuter demonstrative pronoun & definite article, Greek to, Latin istud, neuter demonstrative pronoun Date: before 12th century 1. the person, thing, or idea indicated, mentioned, or understood from the situation , the time, action, or event specified , the kind or thing specified as follows , one or a group of the indicated kind , 2. the one farther away or less immediately under observation or discussion , the former one, 3. a. — used as a function word after and to indicate emphatic repetition of the idea expressed by a previous word or phrase b. — used as a function word immediately before or after a word group consisting of a verbal auxiliary or a form of the verb be preceded by there or a personal pronoun subject to indicate emphatic repetition of the idea expressed by a previous verb or predicate noun or predicate adjective 4. the one ; the thing ; the kind ; something, anything , some persons , II. conjunction Date: before 12th century 1. a. (1) — used as a function word to introduce a noun clause ~ is usually the subject or object of a verb or a predicate nominative (2) — used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause ~ is anticipated by the expletive it occurring as subject of the verb 2. at which ; in which ; on which ; by which ; with which ; to which , according to what ; to the extent of what, 3. ~ which, the person who, Usage: That, which, who: In current usage ~ refers to persons or things, which chiefly to things and rarely to subhuman entities, who chiefly to persons and sometimes to animals. The notion ~ ~ should not be used to refer to persons is without foundation; such use is entirely standard. Because ~ has no genitive form or construction, of which or whose must be substituted for it in contexts ~ call for the genitive. Usage: That, which: Although some handbooks say otherwise, ~ and which are both regularly used to introduce restrictive...Толковый словарь английского языка
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